Pakistan continues to pursue India-centric foreign and security policies and observes each incremental step in GCC-India relations with serious concern.

Iran’s economy has witnessed multi-tier and unstable exchange rate systems which echo different ideological priorities, necessities of profitability in semi-market conditions and rentseeking contributions.

A number of incidents which took place following Iran’s Islamic Revolution rapidly escalated the relations between Iran and the Western countries, particularly the US.

This study examines the changes in the electoral discourse of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in the presidential elections of 2005, 2009 and 2017.

For the past years, Iran has made minimal but essential economic progress in Ghana, but much has not been written on its economic inroads in Ghana.